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- Subject Name : Criminology
Structural Strains and The Politics of Everyday Life
Table of Contents
Assessment 2 Short Answers Question no.1.
Assessment 2 Short Answers Question no.2.
Reference List
Assessment 2 Short Answers Question no.1
The depravedness of the crime in the country needs to be controlled by the use of the control theory among the criminals by educating them with the effects of such inconveniences in the countries. In Sydney, at Liverpool 2170 and Black town 2148 places the crime of Juvenile Male Offenders of Theft is one of the major crimes that are being involved which impacts on the socio-cultural condition of the places. The relationship between the crime and these locations are directly connected as the rate of this crime is one of the major reasons. As stated by Gotsis (2014), in this type of juvenile crime the criminals are mostly in the age between 15-19 years which causes highest proportions in NSW. The common people of these areas feel 92% safety during the day time and during night they feel 84% safety in these locations. In these locations the prisoner employment program has been provided for the juvenile criminals. Moreover, as suggested by Gotsis and Dobson (2018), the education for the juveniles is provided as a corrective service which helps in reducing recidivism for the young generations. Education can bring alertness among the juvenile criminals. In 2018-2019 the expenditure for reducing the juvenile crime from Sydney has been $8.0 billion marking up to 10.1% to the total expenditure in rescuing crime (Gotsis and Dobson, 2018). This has helped in securing the individuals of these locations from crimes and offering community correction programs for maintaining crime levels in these locations. It has also been found that 25% of the juvenile crimes are found in NSW and the country has taken proper justice systems for reducing crime.
It has been seen that the ethnic minority groups are mostly involved in the juvenile crime in Sydney in places such as Liverpool 2170 and Black town 2148. Over 60 months the juvenile crime level has decreased to 3.1% and in March 2018 it was seen that the crime level in NSW is stable for 24 months (Gotsis and Dobson, 2018). This happened in analysing the juvenile crime offenders in the places. Moreover in the Liverpool local Government area from April 2019 to march 2020 the assault incidents that have happened is 4.9% per year (nsw.gov.au, 2020). Use of NSW crime tools has helped in measuring the density of crime in places of NSW. This has also helped in securing the place from socio-cultural crime by the use of control-theory. Chicago school is an urban sociology school which develops symbolic interactionism. This school has generated various crime-control policies and can help the NSW government to manage the crimes. This organization uses social disorganization theory which acts as a landmark for controlling the crime from the countries. Moreover, it can be said the potentiality of this school is to reduce the capacity of crime and provide conventional moral goals to the criminal to educate them. This has helped in increasing the social bond and increasing the social goals for diminishing crimes.
Assessment 2 Short Answers Question no.2
The main reason for committing crime is poverty as economic deprivation is one of the major reasons for engaging in criminal activities. Another reason which is one of the common factors is addiction of drugs that has resulted in involving bad habits. The interviewers have commented that the youths are addicted to drugs and committing criminal activities in the different parts of Australia. Some of the interviewers have commented that politics is one of the main reasons that is involved in criminal activities and hampers the steadiness of the country. As suggested by McFarlane (2018), conflicts among the religion controversies also are a reason for committing a crime. This create a terrible impact on the victims by the criminals, those are families and nearby residents. Mostly the crime is concentrated in poor neighborhoods which is one of the main reasons for the committing crimes in the country. In Australia, the violent crime damages the developments of the victims.
The interviews have stated that geographical concentrated in particular neighborhoods is the main problem-oriented policing that can get affected. Variations in levels of crime are linked with the complex characteristics which are the primary causes of social control. Heide (2020) has commented that identification of the root cause for the violent crime can help in reducing the promising strategies for the impact. In Australia, the social and cultural conditions are the main causes of crime to concentrate within poor neighborhoods and amongst disadvantaged populations. From the opinions of the interviewers it has been seen that everyone in the society has the opportunities for achieving wealth and status. The social deviances such as violence, addiction, drug and robbery are the crimes that are associated with the social actions. There is a particular pattern of crime which is involved in the social crime in the neighborhoods of the concentrated crimes in the country. As recommended by Ayer et al. (2018), ‘Social control theory’ is the controlling of the crimes based on the internal and external control which results in the weakness of the relations between the society and individual. This theory consists of four elements such as affectivity, allegiance, involvement and belief. This theory helps in creating connection between the commitment of crimes and the variables that are involved in marriage, employment and education. The targeted population of the area is the main properties that are involved in the causes of crime in the country.
The use control theory helps in reducing the commitment of crime in the country which is mainly involved in juvenile crimes. Education is one of the main controlling processes that help in maintaining the crimes in the country. As mentioned by Ahonen (2018), awareness of social crimes among the individuals can help in increasing the social security by which the crime can get decreased. The socio-economic opportunities for reducing the crime have to be implemented to manage the internal conflicts for enforcing new conditions in the geographic area. Maintaining this theory properly can help in improving the society and culture of the country properly.
Reference List for The Effects of Social Factors on Committing Crimes
Ahonen, R., 2018. Does Physical Activity Deter People From Committing Crime?.
Ayar, A., Lotfi, Y. and Nooraee, E., 2018. The effects of social factors on committing crimes: A case study of Darehshahr prison, Iran. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 35, pp.70-82.
Gotsis, T., and Dobson, M., 2018. A statistical snapshot of crime and justice in New South Wales Statistical Indicators 5/18.
Gotsis,T.,2014. A statistical snapshot of crime and justice in New South Wales. Statistical Indicators 10/14.
Heide, K.M., 2020. Juvenile Homicide Offenders Look Back 35 Years Later: Reasons They Were Involved in Murder. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), p.3932.
McFarlane, K., 2018. Care-criminalisation: The involvement of children in out-of-home care in the New South Wales criminal justice system. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 51(3), pp.412-433.
nsw.gov.au, 2020. Available at: http://crimetool.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/bocsar/ [accessed on: 30/8/2020]
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