- Internal Code :
- Subject Code : KC7023
- University : Northumbria University
- Subject Name : Management
Research Methods and Professional Practice
Abstract on Research Methods and Professional Practice
This paper consists of an overview of the current face of Artificial Technology in the automobile industry. This research paper will study what particular processes have been made faster and convenient and what remains an obstacle in the face of Artificial Intelligence related to the automobile industry. This paper will also examine the ethical challenges that the technology possesses and what the future might hold in terms of technological innovation using Artificial Intelligence. The purpose of this proposal is to highlight the current situation of the automobile industry-specific to the use of Artificial Intelligence, assessing the pros and cons, ethical challenges and concluding based on the same. The paper will also comment on the future of Artificial Intelligence in the automobile industry based on research and analysis. This paper is based on secondary research entirely. All the data used is drawn from other reliable sources and used for further analysis. Not participating in primary research due to the presence of the current pandemic remains the only major limitation of this paper. Descriptive and Predictive methods of data analysis will be used to analyze the data and draw observations. Such observations will be subsequently used to draw inferences for this paper.
Table of Contents
Abstract.
Introduction.
Background.
Aim and Objectives.
Literature Review..
Methodology for the collection of data and analysis.
Suggested Analysis.
Anticipated Output.
Possible Constraints.
Conclusion.
References.
Introduction to Research Methods and Professional Practice
The automobile industry has extremely evolved in the past few decades. All big players in the automobile industry are striving to automate with the help of AI (Artificial Intelligence) based technology to come up with more and more innovative products (ProSchool, 2019). The invention of Artificial Intelligence has undoubtedly changed the face of the industry. The install rate of AI-based systems is expected to rise in automobiles to 109% by 2025 (Proschool, 2019). Artificial intelligence has numerous applications in the industry, from self-driving to diver scanning, and yet continues to pose challenges and drawbacks at the same time. This report will focus on examining the current usage of Artificial Intelligence in the automobile industry along with examining the advantages and disadvantages the technology poses. With the moving times, the automobile industry is expected to make great leaps and revolutionize completely in the coming years (Zoria, 2019). It is predicted that the automobile’s dependency on Artificial intelligence will increase greatly in the coming years and thus individuals need to understand the meaning of Artificial Intelligence, the pros and cons of the technology and what the future might hold. Such research papers will also help other researchers understand the limitations of the technology and understand which areas need improvement. Understanding the uses and limitations of Artificial Intelligence can also help individuals make effective use of the available technologies as the future of automotive vehicles will depend on Artificial Intelligence (Zoria, 2019).
Background
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a form of technology that has made it possible for machines to learn from experience and adjust to its surroundings accordingly (SAS, 2020). The term has existed for a few decades but was made popular only a few years back thanks to advanced algorithms and increased data volumes (SAS, 2020). Siri and Google Assistant are a few examples of Artificial Intelligence. AI has become an integral part of today’s time due to its high demand and applications to various existing technologies. It has the potential to achieve high accuracy due to its “deep learning” and can get the most out of data. Currently, Artificial Intelligence has found application in every field of the society like healthcare, retail, manufacturing, banking and automobile. When thinking about the applications of AI in the automobile industry, most individuals think of self-driving cars.
Most individuals are unaware that AI has many other present and increasing applications that can be used in various ways in the industry. It is expected that the value of AI will exceed 10.73 billion dollars in the automotive manufacturing by 2024 (Eisenberg, 2019). On the other hand, the automobile industry has existed for decades. In current times, individuals are heavily dependent on the industry for day to day travelling for various purposes. With the growing need for more effective services and technologies in automobiles, researchers are coming up with various innovative methods to make automobiles faster and more convenient. This is where Artificial Intelligence in automobiles comes in. The technology is being developed in a way as to make driving faster, safer and more effective. To make use of such technologies, it is important to understand their uses and limitations. It is also important to understand the drawback of AI to understand to what extent it is safe to depend on such technologies. This research paper will focus on the current application of Artificial Intelligence in the Automobile industry along with the limitations posed, ethical questions raised and the possible future of the technology.
Aim and Objectives
This paper aims to state and analyze the current applications of Artificial Intelligence technology in the automobile industry.
The objectives of this paper are the following:
- Assess the advantages of the current utilization of Artificial Intelligence in the automobile industry.
- Research the disadvantages posed by AI in the industry.
- Find out the challenges and limitations currently posed by the technology in the automobile industry.
- Highlight the ethical concerns related to Artificial Intelligence.
- Highlight the possible future outcomes related to Artificial Intelligence in the automobile industry.
The Research Questions posed by this study are as follows?
- What is the current application of Artificial Intelligence in the automobile industry?
- What disadvantages does this technology possess?
- What are the limitations posed by the technology?
- Does there exist any ethical considerations regarding Artificial Intelligence in the automobile industry?
- What does the future hold in terms of applications of AI technology?
- Has Artificial Intelligence proven beneficial or disastrous for the automobile industry?
Literature Review of Research Methods and Professional Practice
Many articles and research papers have been written regarding Artificial Intelligence in the automobile industry. An article by Li, Cheng, Guo and Qui (2018) performs a survey on the utilization of Artificial Intelligence in vehicles. The paper performs a survey on the two branches of Artificial Intelligence: Practical Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Artificial Intelligence (Li et. al., 2018). The authors pick certain integral technologies related to Artificial Intelligence and perform a detailed survey on the same along with highlighting various probable future developments in the field (Li et. al., 2019). This paper can help the readers gain a lot of information about the various important AI technologies that are widely used in the industry.
The article by Eisenberg (2018) talks about five major ways in which Artificial Intelligence has impacted the automotive unit. The article starts with talks about the AI Driving features that have enabled driver assist and driverless automobiles. Secondly, the author mentions AI Cloud Services that monitor hundreds of sensors to detect problems that affect the vehicle operation (Eisenberg, 2018). Artificial Intelligence also assists in services like insurance, automobile manufacturing and driver monitoring (Eisenberg, 2018). The presence of Artificial Intelligence in a car has made driving much safer and convenient with the presence of advanced safety measures. Along with that, Artificial Intelligence can also provide driver recognition and other added features (Eisenberg, 2018). The article also highlights that more features that make use of Artificial Intelligence are being increasingly developed to improve the functioning of the vehicle and along with time, such features are expected to become more sophisticated and essential in a said vehicle.
An article by Kaur, Gaur, Saxena and Kumar (2014) talks about the use of Artificial Intelligence in controlling the speed of hybrid electric vehicles. The paper talks about the growing importance of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) due to the need for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from vehicles (Kaur et. al., 2014). The authors highlight the HEVs need using various techniques of Artificial Intelligence like Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network to make the vehicles’ speed more optimizable. They believe that the use of AI in Hybrid Electric vehicles has reduced torque ripples, reduced operating cost and improved overall battery life.
Another important article is that written by Petropoulus (2018) about the impact that Artificial Intelligence has had on the employment rates. While one part of the paper argues that technology has replaced humans in labour tasks, another part focuses on the growth of low-education service occupation (Petropoulus, 2018). The paper mentions that the use of AI has increased the demand for online retail good which in turn has increased the overall employment in retail (Petropoulus, 2018). The paper also highlights that utilization of AI in automobiles has led to its faster growth which led to creating new jobs and creating a demand for other sectors as well.
While talking about the ethical concerns posed by Artificial Intelligence, an article by Dignum (2018) can be extremely informative. The author highlights the ethical impact of AI systems on various sections of the society. The author believes that the increasing functions of AI and its presence in various aspects of our lives have led to a need for social awareness (Dignum, 2018). The author also says that since culture and beliefs vary according to locations, the AI reasoning should take into account the morals and values of particular people. The paper also highlights the need for an “emergency button” in AI systems to put an end to a malfunction and preventing the threat of letting the technology learn its existence (Dignum, 2018).
An article written by Lopez de Mantaras (2020) talks about the future of Artificial Intelligence. The article highlights the difference between weak and strong AI and mentions how researchers told a strong ambition to someday give machines a general intelligence similar to that of humans (Lopez de Mantaras, 2020). The author talks about the different forms of AI and how their models are expected to become more efficient and elaborate shortly. The author says that the next step to the future requires interactions in unrestricted and previously unprepared surroundings (Lopez de Mantaras, 2020). What this essentially means is that knowledge is required about various situations in the form of codes to achieve AI success. Thus, the future may not be far but it’s not very near as well.
Methodology for the collection of data and analysis
The method of Secondary Research was used for this research paper. Data was collected for various other researches, analysis was performed and subsequently, conclusions and observations were drawn. Primary data was taken from researches and used for this study. All the articles and research papers taken into consideration were in English language and taken only from authentic and reliable sources. Such data was carefully analyzed before drawing any conclusions from the same. Efforts were taken to ensure that the analysis of the data was free from any preconceptions or biases. None of the details from any research material were excluded and all were carefully studied. No data was manipulated over the course of this study and no data was assumed.
There are multiple reasons why the process of secondary data research was chosen. Firstly, secondary data research is faster and less expensive. Since the research depends almost entirely on the data obtained via research from other primary sources, the process is comparatively less expensive and much faster (MSG, 2020). The researchers save the money that otherwise would be spent on setting up an experiment or an observation facility, taking interviews and drawing inferences from the same. Secondly, secondary research enables researchers to find different perspectives on the same issue. This helps the researchers look at a particular issue from the viewpoint of different individuals instead of just looking at it from a single viewpoint. Thirdly, it provides a basis for comparison for the primary data source that is used in the study (MSG, 2020). This can help fill the gaps which might have been present in the primary source or include data which might have been ignored by the primary researcher.
One of the main reasons why the method of secondary data was used is because the topic of Artificial Intelligence is very vast and thus it is extremely difficult to conclude based on a limited observation or experiment. Artificial Intelligence has various applications in different fields of the automotive industry. The number of applications is very vast and complex which requires in-depth research and understanding of the technology. Researching a limited company or a limited vehicle can be considered unfair to the topic of this research. Thus, to thoroughly study the various advantages, disadvantages, impacts and ethical concerns related to AI in the automobile industry, secondary research was used.
Secondary research does come with a few limitations. The first limitation is the year from which the primary sources are present. If the years are not recent, in all probability the data is outdated and thus shouldn’t be taken into consideration. However, this particular factor was not a hurdle in this particular study as the utilization of Artificial Intelligence has only gained importance in the last few years and thus most researches performed regarding this topic are recent. The accuracy of the primary sources is another limitation of secondary research. If the sources have inaccurate information, that can lead to wrong and false conclusions in the secondary research. This particular limitation is difficult to overcome. However, the researchers of this paper took all the precautions to ensure that inaccuracies in the primary data could be spotted and the paper was as error-free as possible.
The data collection technique of data reporting will be used for this research paper. Data will be gathered from various reports and further analyzed (FormPlus Blog, 2019). For data reporting, various sources like journal articles, research papers, newspaper articles and online articles will be utilized. Only existing data will be used for this study and no new data will be collected or generated.
Suggested Analysis
The method of descriptive data analysis and predictive data analysis will be used for this research paper. Descriptive data analysis is essentially summarizing the data available in the past and making a foundation of the topic in hand (Gibson, 2018). Usually, descriptive data analysis is used for processing quantitative data. However, in this paper, we will use the principles of descriptive data analysis to process all the data available and summarizing it in a way that it covers all the essential information that is required in the study. On the other hand, predictive analysis tends to understand the future regarding a particular topic. Predictive analysis uses the data that has been summarized to understand the problem thoroughly and accordingly make logical predictions for the possible outcomes (Gibson, 2018). This analysis is a little difficult to achieve and requires statistical modelling which is achieved using technology and manpower. Nonetheless, this research will be utilizing these two methods for data analysis and subsequently conclude based on the same.
Anticipated Output
It is expected that this research will help the researchers better understand the concept of Artificial Intelligence and how it is applied in the automobile industry. The research will begin by outlining the origins and growth of the concept of Artificial Intelligence. It will further summarize how the concept of Artificial Intelligence was applied to the automobile industry and then go on to list the current applications of AI in automobiles. The research paper will further highlight the drawbacks and limitations that the technology poses.
Next, the research paper will list out the ethical questions that the concept of AI raises and how can these be overcome. It will be essential to perform thorough research and understand how exactly people perceive the concepts of artificial intelligence. There are various myths and beliefs regarding Artificial Intelligence created due to media which need to be clarified over the course of this paper. Further, the research will describe the future of Artificial Intelligence and what can be expected out of the technology in the coming years.
The benefits of this research are primarily to impart knowledge about the concept of Artificial Intelligence. With the growing importance of Artificial Intelligence in our lives, it is important to be aware of everything there is to know about the technology. The research will help in a better understanding of the technology which will be a must in the coming days. The research will also clear a lot of beliefs and myths that surround the concept of Artificial Intelligence and help the readers understand the facts. The research in this paper can also be utilized by researchers to understand the current scene regarding Artificial Intelligence and analyze which possible sectors also need the touch of this technology. The research will also result in understanding the limitations of AI which can be utilized by researchers to overcome such limitations and make the study more efficient.
Possible Constraints
The study does face certain limitations. The first limitation would be the use of secondary research. Despite secondary research being the most suitable option of research, in this case, it does pose certain limitations. The use of other sources to conclude can pose difficulties as the data is scattered and in most cases not directly related to the research paper that is being worked upon. Information will have to be dug out and some of it will not be usable due to credibility issues. It will be tedious to find usable primary sources that were authentic and didn’t pose any challenges. Since primary data was not performed, all observations are solely based on other researchers’ observations.
Another constraint in this research paper is the application of the automobile industry. This research paper is focused solely on the application of Artificial Intelligence to the automobile industry which constraints the real-life applicability of Artificial Intelligence. Over the years, Artificial intelligence has found various important applications in the fields of healthcare, medicines and other such industries. When discussing AI, it should be noted that various aspects of our daily lives now include AI and that utilization is not specifically restricted to automobiles.
Conclusion on Research Methods and Professional Practice
Despite the limitations, this paper must reach various individuals to make people aware of the pros and cons of Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is the future and thus, information must be spread about the same. It is essential to especially understand the limitations and drawbacks the technology holds to avoid any backfiring. One must remember that the technology is still under development and will take years to reach its maximum potential. It is important to stay in touch with the current technological innovations and make use of them to make processes more efficient and convenient. The use of automobiles, too, is quintessential in everyone’s life and it is difficult to imagine life without it. These innovations are focused on automobiles to make the process of travelling safer and more convenient and thus, it is essential to understand the implications of such innovations and make the full use of them. However, before making use of them please ensure that you understand the processes carefully and in-depth. When talking about Artificial Intelligence or any such technological system, it is important to remember that knowledge is key. Only make use of such systems once they are fully understood by a respective individual.
References for Research Methods and Professional Practice
Dignum, V. (2018). Ethics in artificial intelligence: introduction to the special issue. Ethics and Information Technology, 20(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-018-9450-z
Eisenberg, A. (2019). 5 Ways Artificial Intelligence is Impacting the Automotive Industry. Retrieved from https://igniteoutsourcing.com/automotive/artificial-intelligence-in-automotive-industry/
FormPlus Blog. (2019). 7 Data Collection Methods & Tools For Research. Retrieved from https://www.formpl.us/blog/data-collection-method
Gibson, P. (2018). Types of Data Analysis. Retrieved from https://chartio.com/learn/data-analytics/types-of-data-analysis/
Kaur et. al., J. (2014). Speed Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques. International Journal of Computing & Network Technology, 02(01), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.12785/ijcnt/020105
Li, J., Cheng, H., Guo, H., & Qiu, S. (2018). Survey on Artificial Intelligence for Vehicles. Automotive Innovation, 1(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42154-018-0009-9
Mántaras, R. L. (2020). The Future of AI: Toward Truly Intelligent Artificial Intelligences. Retrieved from https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/articles/the-future-of-ai-toward-truly-intelligent-artificial-intelligences/
MSG. (2020). Secondary data Research. Retrieved from https://www.managementstudyguide.com/secondary_data.htm
Petropoulos, G. (2018). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Employment. Work in the Digital Age, 143–152. Retrieved from https://curis.ku.dk/portal/files/198709895/Work_in_the_Digital_Age.pdf#page=143
Proschool. (2019). 6 Artificial Intelligence Trends Driving the Automobile Industry. Retrieved from https://www.proschoolonline.com/blog/trends-driving-the-automobile-industry
SAS. (2020). Artificial Intelligence – What it is and why it matters. Retrieved from https://www.sas.com/en_in/insights/analytics/what-is-artificial-intelligence
Zoria, S. (2019). The Place of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in the Automotive Industry. Retrieved from https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor/the-place-of-machine-learning-and-artificial-intelligence-in-the-automotive-industry-618368db80f9#:%7E:text=The%20value%20of%20AI%20in,will%20rely%20on%20AI%20systems.
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