Jurd7503 Rising Crime In The Answers

Internal Code :
Subject Code : JURD7503
University : University of New South Wales
Subject Name : Law

Crime Prevention Policy

Proposed Research Question

The proposed research question is as below:

“How Community Policing can be enhanced to Address Rising Crime in The Community?”

Definition states that community policing is a concept which advances proactive by a working organization and connection between the more extensive network and the police focusing on wrongdoing decrease even dread of wrongdoing and improving the security of network. As indicated by Sir Robert Peel in 1829; said that "the police are general society and the general population are the police, the police being the main individuals from the open paid to concentrate on what are occupant on each resident”.

Theme of Crime Prevention Policy

The theme of the proposed study will be based on addressing the gap in interventions to address crime in the community. Crime rates have gone high judging by the various level of criminal activities that occur in the community. These criminal activities include rape, robbery, child trafficking, drug abuse, and terrorism. On 28th September 2011, during 460 CPC individuals who as of late experienced a city training course at Nkumba, in Burera District, the IGP Emmanuel K. GASANA, stressed that giving the data on time is significant in Police's push to decrease and forestall wrongdoing in the accompanying words, "Policing is an organization and your job in this association is principal since hoodlums, street pharmacist and different lawbreakers live inside your locale". Checking these rising crimes is by all accounts a difficult task because of the holes that exist in restraining wrongdoing inside the network. The proposed study therefore seeks to address these gaps by proposing community policing as one way to address the wanton crime in the community. Community policing involves law enforcement and citizens working in together to proactively detect, report, and prevent crimes. Part of achieving this objective is to ensure that police and community have built a rapport which allows them to work together to report and act on criminal leads. If effectively implemented, this strategy could see the community effectively wipe out crime within its ranks.

Aim of the Proposed Research

The proposed research is against the backdrop of increased criminal activities in the community today. The scenario shows that there are inherent gaps in addressing crime which has allowed crime to thrive right under the watch of law enforcement agencies. The proposed research study aims to address this gap through its three main objectives.

The objectives are as below:

To determine the various community policing strategies that can help curb crime.
To find out the various challenges that limits the application of community policing to address crime.
To propose ways to address the challenges associated with effective implementation of community policing.

Literature Review of Crime Prevention Policy

There exists a host of literature on community policing which provides sufficient background to understand the topic. The existing literature addresses aspects of various strategies for successful implementation of community policing. It also addresses the various challenges in the successful implementation of community policing to address rising crime in the community. Besides, the literature also proposes a host of strategies based on successful case studies on successful implementation of community policing.

For instance, Weisburd and Eck (2014) aver that community policing is an effective way to prevent crime in the community because the community members in collaboration with the police can detect, report, and have the suspected criminals arrested. Fielding (2015) adds that by being proactive, crime can be prevented before it happens which is a good move towards addressing the runaway crime in the community. These studies clearly point to the efficacy associated with community policing in taming crime in the community.

On its part, Schafer, Huebner and Bynum (2013) look at the various challenges that have crippled efforts towards effective implementation of community policing. According to the findings of the study, poor working relationship, lack of faith in the police, and lack of awareness on importance of community policing have crippled efforts to implement the strategy. Poyner (2013) supports the findings by Huebner and Bynum (2013) by showing that factors such as lack of awareness and poor police forms have made it difficult for the community policing to take effect. Skolnick and Bayley (2015) aver that creating good working relationship between community and the police, police reforms, and creating awareness with the police are effective in boosting effectiveness of community policing. If implemented, these strategies could make community policing effectively tackle runway crime within the community.

Proposed Methodology of Crime Prevention Policy

The proposed research paper will focus on secondary research to address the research problem. The secondary resource will be sourced from credible peer reviewed articles from journals with high ratings and books on criminology. Besides, credible news articles and publication will be used to develop the background, determine the findings, and propose recommendations on how best to implement community policing to curb crime in the community.

The choice for secondary source is deliberate. Firstly, there exist rich literature and case studies on community policing. As such, there is sufficient information to help develop a credible and valid research paper based on secondary sources. Secondly, due to limited resources secondary approach is faster and more effective

Annotated Bibliography of Crime Prevention Policy

There are a host of existing literature on how lack of community policing has adversely impacted efforts to curb crime in our community. The annotated bibliography is listed below:

Hassan, M. M., & Abdullah, A. (2018). The Barriers and Ideas of Improvement to Community Oriented Policing (COP) Development and Implementation in Malaysia. Case Study: Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

The article was authored by two renowned authors with vast experience in maters community development management. Abdullah is a renowned professor of urban planning at the University of Sains Malaysia while Hassan specializes in development sciences at the University of Pura. Based on their experience, the two are qualified to offer policy guide on how to tame the rising crime in the community especially within the urban context. The article has been published by Google Scholar which makes it credible as it meets the threshold for the publication.

The article puts into perspective the case study of community policing adopted by Malaysia dubbed Community –Oriented Policing (COP) in Malaysia. The aim of the adoption of community policing is to address the rising crime in Malaysia and guarantee safer environment. The policy advocate for community to work close will law enforcement agencies to report crime. Such a move acts as a preventive-measures to detect and eliminate criminal activities before they happen. In essence, it can help tame drug peddling, robbery, theft, terrorism, and sex trade in the community.

The article is a case study that present a real scenario of how implementation of community policing can help to tame the runaway crime in the community. Analysis of this case study is effective in advancing research on how community policing can be used to address crime within the community.

Gill, C., Weisburd, D., Telep, C. W., Vitter, Z., & Bennett, T. (2014). Community-oriented policing to reduce crime, disorder and fear and increase satisfaction and legitimacy among citizens: A systematic review. Journal of experimental criminology, 10(4), 399-428.

The article has been authored by professionals with immense expertise in area of criminology. The authors, Gill, Weisburd, Telep, Vitter, Z. and Bennett, T. are all practitioners in the field of criminology. As such, they have the technical know-how to research and give valid findings on community policing as part of curbing crime. Besides, the article has been published on Journal of Experimental Criminology which is known to have high rating for quality and credible articles.

The research undertook a systematic review and synthesis of existing research papers on community policing to help identify crime and improve security within the community. The research relied on websites, journals, and database to determine the impact of community policing in curbing crime. The findings of the research revealed that community oriented policing activities have a positive impact in addressing crime within the community. The article is relevant as it offers the requisite background to understand the impact of community policing in addressing crime within the community. Besides, it offers good basis to conduct further research to determine the extent to which community policing is effective in preventing, detecting, and keeping neighborhoods safe.

MacDonald, J. M. (2012). The effectiveness of community policing in reducing urban violence. Crime & delinquency, 48(4), 592-618.

The article was authored by MacDonald, a professor in criminology at the department of criminology and criminal justice, University of South Carolina. The article has been published on the Crime & delinquency journal. Together, these two factors make the article relevant in providing background information on impact of community policing in addressing crime. The findings can be relied upon for further research and reference to help in instituting proper models of community policing to curb crime in the community.

The article avers that the decline in violent crime rates across major American cities is as a result of effective community policing. The findings of this study were based on analysis of census data on robbery and homicide in at least 164 American cities. It is evident that community has had effect in reduced crime rate. The situation has been made possible by proactive approach where people report suspected criminal gangs and activities leading to timely police intervention which keeps the community out of harm’s way.

The article is a credible source that provides the much needed background on how community policing can be modeled to curb crime. The findings will therefore offers basis for further research to determine the effectiveness of this strategy in addressing the escalating levels of crime within the community.

Xu, Y., Fiedler, M. L., & Flaming, K. H. (2015). Discovering the impact of community policing: The broken windows thesis, collective efficacy, and citizens’ judgment. Journal of Research in crime and Delinquency, 42(2), 147-186.

The article has been authored by three authors who have vast knowledge on the area of criminology. They are practitioners and academicians who have what it takes to produce compelling reports and research on various aspects of community policing. The article has further been published at the Journal of Research in crime and Delinquency and is accessible in credible journals and noting where studies are peer reviewed.

The article demonstrates the various structures, mechanisms, and efficacy of community policing. The article shows that new paradigm shift in community policing that focuses on creating a rapport between law enforcement and police to help detect crime and prevent it before it happens. The findings of the article therefore prove that a creating rapport between the police and community helps reduce crime rates through proactive as opposed to reactive interventions.

The article is relevant in addressing the menace of crime that threatens the security of communities. It offers credible findings and relevant concepts that can be relied upon to build a solid background for the proposed research on curbing crime through community policing.

Millie, A., & Herrington, V. (2015). Bridging the gap: understanding reassurance policing. The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 44(1), 41-56.

The article was authored by Millie and Herrington who are both practitioners in the field of criminology. The article was published in The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, which is a reputable journal known for producing quality works in the field of criminology. These two factors therefore make the article credible and relevant to the proposed study.

The article attest that the fact that the fear for crime has been on all-time high in England and Wales. The trend is attributable to the many cases of crime reported on the streets daily. To address this adverse perception on crime, there is need to bring the law enforcement and the community to work together to protect the community against crime. Such a move will not only elicit positive perception about safety but will in essence reduce the crime rates in the community through proactive collaboration to weed out the community of criminal elements.

The article is relevant to the proposed research proposal as it provides necessary information to build background and have deepener understanding on how community policing can be used effectively to help curb crime within the community.

Conclusion and Suggestions on Crime Prevention Policy

To be powerful network policing needs a law-based condition to thrive in. this can possibly occur if the network and the police structure an association of correspondence. They should likewise figure out how to confide in one another with the understanding that whatever the one wills additionally be to the greatest advantage of the other. States are obliged to conquer social, affordable and political requirements that prevent network support a keep up social request and battling violations if network improvement is put getting looked at. Along these lines, this paper has attempted to talk about how network policing is of foremost significance in empowering network improvement as far as social request and wrongdoing decrease as it is the main better approach to address the worries and issues of networks and manage the wrongdoing anticipation and the dread of the crime.

References for Crime Prevention Policy

Fielding, N. G. (2015). Concepts and theory in community policing. The Howard journal of criminal justice, 44(5), 460-472.

Hassan, M. M., & Abdullah, A. (2018). The Barriers and Ideas of Improvement to Community Oriented Policing (COP) Development and Implementation in Malaysia. Case Study: Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

MacDonald, J. M. (2012). The effectiveness of community policing in reducing urban violence. Crime & delinquency, 48(4), 592-618.

Millie, A., & Herrington, V. (2015). Bridging the gap: understanding reassurance policing. The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 44(1), 41-56.

Poyner, B. (2013). What works in crime prevention: An overview of evaluations? Crime prevention studies, 1, 7-34.

Schafer, J. A., Huebner, B. M., & Bynum, T. S. (2013). Citizen perceptions of police services: Race, neighborhood context, and community policing. Police quarterly, 6(4), 440-468.

Skolnick, J. H., & Bayley, D. H. (2015). Theme and variation in community policing. Crime and justice, 10, 1-37.

Weisburd, D., & Eck, J. E. (2014). What can police do to reduce crime, disorder, and fear?. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 593(1), 42-65.

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