- Internal Code :
- Subject Code : GOVT1621
- University : The University of Sydney
- Subject Name : International Relations
Introduction To International Relations
Human trafficking is a difficult and intensely disturbing issue that reveals both the nature of globalization and the development of human rights exposes (Macias-Konstantopoulos 2016). This essay primarily emphasizes the topic named "human trafficking under the theory of feminism". Feminist theory is the suitable or appropriate theory to explain the argument that “human trafficking is the most important global issue that is not given much significance and is neglected. Furthermore, this essay discusses certain aspects related to human traffickings like human rights violations, women trafficking, modern slavery, and more to support the main idea of the essay. Moreover, this essay discusses the issue of human trafficking in different countries.
Feminist theory is a comprehensive, transdisciplinary outlook that endeavors to understand roles, familiarities, and morals of persons on a gender basis. It is usually applied to close partner forcefulness, enclosing an offensive association between close partners as gender-based offense supporting the established domination of women worldwide (Rose, M. 2016). The most pressing issue is female sex trafficking that means trading of women for exploiting them sexually. This issue further is responsible for several life-threatening health consequences. The health of sufferers is affected by sexual exploitation. Further, the health risk associated with this entail exposure to fierceness infectious diseases, bodily injuries, memory loss, reproductive infections, stomach aches, physical disabilities, sexually transmitted diseases, and more. Various factors are linked with trafficking that might have damaging effects on the mental health of victims. Moreover, these issues can pose feelings of weakness, impossibility, and lower self-morale of the victim. In certain cases, the victims or sufferers of human trafficking attempt suicide as they are in depression state. There is no doubt there is an extensive variety of abuses linked with human trafficking. Certain abuses are rape, forceful prostitution, nap deprivation, food deficiency, fears against family, imprisonment, kidnapping, forced abuse of contraceptives, and more (Barber 2017).
Human trafficking is a serious crime and defilement of human rights. This problem has arisen due to the rise of globalization that has increased the migration across the globe and thereby increased the issues like smuggling and trafficking. The term human trafficking is also called modern-day slavery. It can be argued that feminist theory is the suitable one to understand and combat the human trafficking issue. Feminists recognize the moral and practical grounds for expansion of the logical focus from states to individuals. Moreover, their involvement lies in the examinations of the communal construction of human trading that highpoints the damaging role that sexist and racialist typecasts play in constructing the group of trafficking sufferers (Muraszkiewicz 2016).
Human trading can be defined as the cross border international trading of individuals that is purposefully done for making higher profits through unlawful activities for the traffickers. It generally entails oppressing individuals through the usage of life-threatening Violence and numerous forms of economic, and social discernments. It can be said that the attention for this issue is initially the consequence of feminist dissents against violence against women (Meriläinen and Vos 2015). It has been estimated that the entire victims of human trafficking range from 20.9 m to 27 m.
The term human trafficking is to be considered as a gender-based phenomena and thus it is unreasonably impacting the lives of younger girls and women. This can be well understood with the theory of feminization of poverty. It means that the feminization of migration that further means the increase in the proportion of the women migrants. It can be said that with the increasing and unequal effects of poverty on women all over the world, numerous women will seek to migrate either as individuals or to migrate and to send remittances to their families in native nations. This further leads to augment the sufferers of trafficking that has increased the economic burden on the women. Furthermore, gender disparities can then worsen the susceptibility of women to trafficking, as they may face biased practices to get education or job (Russell 2014)
The most serious issue in contemporary time is a woman trafficking that is supposed to be the most disgraceful form of violation of human rights. It can evident from the example of the Indian nation where this is the most occurred issue as the Indian social structure favors more men than women. The major reasons for increasing women trafficking are forced marriage, bonded labor, begging, gender-discrimination, sexual exploitation, economic, and political causes. The younger women are not only traded for the purpose of prostitution but also traded like commodities in numerous regions of the nation where there is less proportion of females than males. Furthermore, poor children and women are forced to beg on the roads and in public places. Numerous traffickers utilize disabled people to earn wealth. There is a factor namely bonded labor that is being responsible for human trading as there are numerous girls who are being sold in exchange for cash due to poverty, political environment, war factor, and socio-cultural factors (Kamble 2019).
However, there can be several anti-strategies for resolving the issue of human trafficking. The Nigerian country is a nation where there has a high rate of crime due to these activities of human trading, especially with women and children. In this nation, there is one organization named as Christian women organization that was established to combat these issues. The organization made several strategies for combating this fight against human trading of women and children of younger ages. These strategies are prevention and increase of awareness, support to trafficked individuals, advocacy, and networking. This foundation supports and undertakes prevention movements, mainly raising awareness. In addition, they provide safe shelter for trafficked individuals in the nations of transfer, and destination. They also provide them social, mental, and medical support for authorizing them professionally. Furthermore, political advocacy is also an essential aspect that aims at confirming that suitable legislature is there and is being correctly imposed at the nationwide and global levels for shielding the interests of traded people. This practice is also being followed and obeyed by the Christian women organization. Moreover, they focus on the networking strategy that entails collaboration with organizations of government, NGOs, and global companies. It is a technique for the combined activism work in looking for the development of legislature at global and nationwide levels and their implementation (Ede, Chiaghanam, and Kalu 2019).
As per the postcolonial specialists, women belong to postcolonial nations are more prone to the terrors of human trading ruthlessly. Additionally, as per feminist theory, it can be argued that human trafficking is the form of sexual misuse that is responsible for exploiting and reinforcing the hierarchies of sex, race, and population. It has been found that increasing demand for prostitution in Sweden is responsible for the higher rate of human trafficking. Other factors include employment, freedom, education that leads to the development of human trading (Fekadu 2019).
It can be stated that with the growth and expansion of novel technologies, most of the illegal activities have gone virtual including human trafficking activities. Usually, traffickers make use of online technologies like social media, mobile phones, and the internet in order to hire their victims and to advertise and sell their services to them. This further enables them to reach an extensive audience and to enlarge their hiring globally. Furthermore, the victims are publicized virtual with definite websites providing millions of females for sexual services, giving clients the option to rate their performance (Sarkar, S. 2015).
From the above essay on human trafficking under the feminist theory, it can be concluded that human trafficking a serious crime that has been prevailing all over the globe. This crime is constantly being rising due to the growing mobility, the expansion of novel technologies, and for the purpose of making higher profits. Moreover, it can be concluded that sex trafficking is the most common form of human trafficking that is being practiced for the purpose of exploiting women. Females are being traded forcefully into commercial sexual services and hence they are becoming victims promptly. Furthermore, it can be inferred that various factors are linked with trafficking that might have damaging effects on the mental health of victims. Moreover, these issues can pose feelings of weakness, impossibility, and lower self-morale of the victim. In certain cases, the victims or sufferers of human trafficking attempt suicide as they are in depression state. It can be argued that feminist theory is the suitable one to understand and combat the human trafficking issue. Feminists recognize the moral and practical grounds for expansion of the logical focus from states to individuals. However, there are certain regulations of government and support of local authorities and organizations for combating the issues of human trafficking. Additionally, as per feminist theory, it can be argued that human trafficking is the form of sexual misuse that is responsible for exploiting and reinforcing the hierarchies of sex, race, and population.
References for Human Trafficking Under the Theory of Feminism
Barber, M. E. 2017. Solving the National and Global Issue of Human Trafficking (Doctoral dissertation, Appalachian State University).
Ede, V. I., Chiaghanam, M. O. F., and Kalu, D. Z. 2019. Evaluating the Role of Christian Women Organizations in the Fight Against Human Trafficking in Nigeria.
Fekadu, M. 2019. Vulnerable and Marginalized Women and Young Girls: The development of Human Trafficking in Sweden.
Kamble, R. M 2019. Human trafficking of women in India: issues and perspective. ISSN 2249-9598, 9(5), pp. 173-180.
Macias-Konstantopoulos, W. 2016. Human trafficking: the role of medicine in interrupting the cycle of abuse and violence. Annals of internal medicine, 165(8), pp.582-588.
Meriläinen, N., and Vos, M. 2015. Public discourse on human trafficking in international issue arenas. Societies, 5(1), pp.14-42.
Muraszkiewicz, J. 2016. The Relationship Between Human Rights Violations and Human Trafficking. SLAVERY TODAY JOURNAL, 2(2), p.139.
Rose, M. 2016. Feminist Theory and the European Refugee Crisis. Conspectus Borealis, 1(1), p.9.
Russell, A. M. 2014. “Victims of Trafficking”: The Feminisation of Poverty and Migration in the Gendered Narratives of Human Trafficking. Societies, 4(4), pp.532-548.
Sarkar, S. 2015. Use of technology in human trafficking networks and sexual exploitation: A cross-sectional multi-country study. Transnational Social Review, 5(1), pp.55-68.
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