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What is the total daily energy expenditure of a person? How is it calculated for a person taking a single day into account? Across the world, different people spend their days doing different things. There is a variation in the energy expenditure of every person. Energy expenditure or the total daily energy expenditure is nothing but the energy cost involved in different processes that are essential for living a healthy life.

These processes include digestion, ingestion, absorption and conversion of food by the body. These processes are collectively termed thermogenesis or diet-induced- thermogenesis. Then, the total daily energy expenditure is also a measure of the energy spent during physical activities as well as heavy sustained exercise. 

Therefore, all in all, the total daily energy expenditure can be defined as the total amount of energy (measured in calories) spent on all the organic and physical activities of a person in one day. In this article, we will explore the essential components of total energy expenditure and we will also look at how it is calculated. The article also delves into the factors that cause fluctuations in the daily energy expenditure of a person.

Fluctuations in the Total Energy Expenditure

Have you ever observed how athletes spend their day? The typical day of an athlete includes training, exercise, practices and resistance exercise. It is interesting to note that the energy requirements of these different activities vary greatly. This can lead to high fluctuations in the energy expenditure of the person. This is true for most athletes and sportspersons. This is, in fact, also true for people performing strenuous work.

For example, for a cyclist participating in the Tour de France, the total energy expenditure in one day would be five times the average total daily energy expenditure on other days. These wide fluctuations are experienced by most people who perform strenuous daily activities. Any elite athlete is at his or her highest performance during an ongoing tournament or sporting event. However, after the event is over, the energy expenditure is drastically less and may also meet the average sedentary levels. The energy expenditure of different individuals varies greatly. 

Why It Is Important to Have an Appropriate TEE

It is important to maintain an appropriate total energy expenditure level to support body function optimally, proper digestion and ingestion of nutrients and for assisting in maintaining the body composition. The total energy expenditure is extremely important for endurance athletes as they have to train regularly and uniformly to be able to maintain optimal body functions while ensuring the required strength, agility and endurance to be able to deliver the desired performance during a tournament.it can often become quite strenuous and challenging for athletes to attain equilibrium between energy intake and total energy expenditure.

They must be extra careful about their energy intake and expenditure during an ongoing tournament. Most sports tournaments allow participation by weight categories. Since athletes have high energy intake and expenditure requirements, it often becomes quite challenging for them to meet the weight requirements.

Most endurance athletes try to achieve a low body mass or a low-fat level in their bodies to be able to optimize their activity levels and performance. This helps them stay at the top of their game during any competitive sporting season. This helps the athletes in achieving the optimal energy economy by training their bodies. 

Four Components Affecting the Total Energy Expenditure

  • Sleeping metabolic rate
  • Energy expense in bodily stimulation
  • The thermic effect of food, also known as the diet-induced energy expenditure
  • The energy expense in different physical activities

How Is the Total Energy Expenditure Calculated?

The Total Energy expenditure is the total amount of calories expended by the human body in a single day with regards to the amount of activity (sedentary, moderate or strenuous). Additionally, the basal energy expenditure is also taken into account while calculating the total energy expenditure of an individual.

To understand the intricate relationship between Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) and Physical Activity Level (PAL), it is important to understand the fluctuations in energy expenditure. Most athletes experience high fluctuations in their total energy expenditure and this can often also become a cause for wear and tear of the body muscles. The human body needs to intake a certain constant number of calories and burn a constant number of calories to perform optimally.

Physical Activity Level

The physical activity level is the average measure of the total physical activity expense of any individual in a day. The physical activity level is measured by the amount of physical training and excursion a person performs during any task. Total daily physical activity is the total energy spent on all the physical tasks performed by an individual in a single day. The physical activity level varies from one individual to another. The physical activity level is more for children as compared to adults. Further, the physical activity levels for athletes and sportspersons are even greater.

There Are Three Types of Physical Activity Levels

Sedentary or low: sedentary or low level of physical activity is characterized by low levels of physical activity and sluggish physical expense. This quite literally translates into a simple formula. When a person fails to expand even half of the total amount of calories obtained by him or her in one day, it is referred to as sedentary physical activity.

Moderate: moderate physical activity is characterized by moderate levels of energy expense including less than optimal physical exercise and bodily movement. Typical adults in most countries across the world are perfect examples of this category.

Strenuous: strenuous or high physical activities translate into a high caloric expenditure as well as strenuous physical activity. Most athletes perform high-level physical activity during training in the off-season. Their activity is even greater during the sporting season. 

The Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) and Physical Activity Level (PAL) are intricately related concepts as they both refer to a measure of the energy ingested about the energy expended through simple activities in a single day.

The Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) and Physical Activity Level (PAL) are important concepts of science. Students of science, medicine, nursing and physical education have to study the concepts related to Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) and Physical Activity Level (PAL).

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