Deontological Aspects Of The Nursing Answers

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• Subject Name : Nursing

Questions and Answers on Nursing as A Profession

Question 1: Nurses are healthcare professionals who are in high demand for the required skills to be successful. Many important skills are required by a professional to have, which includes attention, endurance, and clinical proficiency in detail. The nursing skills are very important as they sought and develop skills to increase patient satisfaction. The nursing skills enable accurate and efficient care for individuals with other medical professionals to provide individualized and comprehensive support to all individuals. The examples of nursing skills include communication, ethics, observation, physical endurance, teamwork skills, interpersonal skills, computer literacy, and mathematics skills (Chachula, Myrick & Yonge,2015). Communication is followed to have a connection with a variety of people like patients, guardians, doctors, and other nursing staff. Ethics are to be followed by a nursing professional to deal with exceptional ethics with life and death situations and thinking about the well-being of a patient. I will add here the responsibility and accountability that every nursing professional will be held accountable and responsible if any harm happens to patient. Nursing professionals should ensure that they are following the guidelines of NMBA and Code of Ethics in practice. Hence, they should maintain a teamwork spirit.

Question 2: Patient care is the topmost priority in healthcare. Nursing professionals are assigned patients to take care of them professionally. Teamwork and collaboration are very important for nursing professionals to deliver effective care by making a bridge between patients, hospital staff, and doctors. As an example, when I was assigned with a pregnant patient in the maternity ward, I was a fresher but with the support and collaboration of my team and team leader I handled the patient effectively. The patient was suffering from a heart issue; a cardiac team was called to work together with the team in the maternity ward for the patient. Teamwork refers to the efforts within one team to produce the highest quality and most efficient results. We worked by establishing team goals like improving patient care, shortening response time, and decreasing waste. All the healthcare professionals interacted across teams and did their respective roles to achieve greater collaboration. The open communication system was followed in the transfer of information from different professionals based on the patient's condition. This promotes mutual respect and collaboration among team members. Hence, teamwork is essential in the nursing field to focus on patient care effectively (Kangasniemi, Pakkanen, & Korhonen, 2015).

Question 3: NSW core values ensure that patients are provided with excellent healthcare for their betterment in healthy terms. This way the nursing and other professionals in the hospital can provide exceptional customer and quality service. The core values such as openness, collaboration, respect, and empowerment provide a roadmap to deliver high quality of work in an organization to patients. The patient in our healthcare settings was treated with respect such as we always respected the patient’s dignity, compassion, and respect as this is the fundamental right of the patient. I heard the patient properly to have a clear idea of the patient's problem. This helps in welcoming new ideas and doing the right things to improve patient care. Similar way colleagues were also treated with dignity and respect to provide appropriate care (Pesut, Greig& Thorne, et al. 2018). In this way, each one of the healthcare professionals is made responsible to deliver the best services at the workplace. In the clinical care provided to the patient, the patients that are given to me are treated with dignity and respect by maintaining privacy and confidentiality of patient’s records and information. This helps in building trust, and respect towards both the parties in a healthcare organization. Hence, this is the responsibility and accountability of healthcare professionals to maintain all the information.

Question 4: Nursing professionals play an important role in delivering quality patient care to meet goals. The outbreak of COVID-19 has spread the infection across the world and affected many lives at a global level. Nursing professionals are the health warriors that have taken the responsibility of patient care in institutions.Being a clinical nurse; I know that the nature of the disease is such that it implies visiting restrictions to the admitted patients because of the fear of the rapid spread of infection. I was placed in a high-risk zone, which is in Intensive Care Units, where I was involved directly with COVID-19 patients. I did not take adequate rest and recuperation, without assistance and support, with limited considerations for mental health and wellbeing. However, I fulfilled these responsibilities, challenges, and accountability by happily accepting every situation. I helped the sick patients to follow the doctor's medications and restrictions. Looked for if over-the-counter medications for fever help the patient to feel better. I ensured that the person who is sick is drinking lots of fluid and rests. I advised them to buy some grocery items, filling prescriptions, and getting other items according to their need. I also advised them to stay away from their pet to have no contact with them. The point of preventing from infection would be taken into consideration that I will wear PPE’s to protect myself as well as patient from infection. Then, the concept of hand hygiene, I will follow hand hygiene steps along with sanitizing them at regular intervals. I will also follow WHO guidelines on COVID-19 prevention.

Question 5: Nursing professionals are providing selfless and hard work services to patients that are suffering from any type of ailment like COVID-19. To keep themselves protected, nursing professionals must follow all the preventive measures in hospitals and ICUs by providing antenatal care, psychological support, and elderly care for taking care of positive patients. The psychological support helps in managing health crises because they have a vital link between the health care team and patient. This focus into sharp focus to understand the need for universal health coverage as a part of their commitment.In several areas, psychological,emotional, and physical support is needed to deal with infection and control, risk communication and management, case management, and many specific topics like pregnancy, breastfeeding, and childbirth during COVID-19 (Rodney & Varcoe, 2016). Certain protocols as given by the government such as PPE and hand hygiene are maintained. There is lots of stress that are important for peers and team support to enable positive recovery after emotional and stressful draining experiences. The organization and leaders need to supportnursing professionalsat most critical times. Hence, the nurse-patient relationship requires all types of support in healthcare organizations by following ethical and legal obligations.

Question 6: Nursing professionals deliver their care by following strengths such as caring, communication skills, empathy, attention to detail, problem-solving skills, respect, self-awareness, and desire to keep learning. Nurses are the most accessible and regular point of contact for families and patients. The nurses deliver their job effectively by showing concern, compassion, and sympathy for everyone. Communication skills are required by the professionals to follow directions and communicate with patients and families. Patients and families highly rely on nurses for their kind support. This gives the patient sense of comfort and knowing that nursing professionals care for them. Empathy is the ability that helps in really hearing to patients and their feelings. It does not mean that nursing professionals must agree with all the statements of patients and family, but the situation should be dealt with internalizing pain and suffering. Attention to detail provides the patient with detail-oriented care coordination of patient care. The problem-solving skills exercise excellent judgment and think quickly to anticipate and address problems (Silva,Freire & Vasconcelos et al., 2018). The nursing professionals must give attention to deal with one-on-attention they can give to patients. A good nurse enjoys self-aware and gravitating the kind of work that best suits interests, personality, physical stamina, and priorities.The knowledge and technology are advancing rapidly, and nursing professionals must improve their skills and learning in a new manner.

Question 7:In this scenario,there are three patients inward to whom it has to be looked after. One patient just vomited and pressed the buzzer for assistance, the second patient’s medical team arrived on the ward to perform ward rounds and requested to be present and in theatre third patient has called. This case scenario will have to consider the point of patient prioritization by nursing staff. Patient-centered care and shared decision making by informing patients are of great importance to empower patients and precisely understand conditions. Thus, the preferences of staff and patient must be respected and readiness to change typically varies with time. The patient requiring urgent clinical care should be treated first to have a system update and reprioritize evidence-based treatment options at each subsequent encounter. The preference should be based on communicating of risk of the patient's condition getting more severe, and then the patient requiring minor assistance, and at last taking rounds with staff. This will help in quantifying benefits ibn terms of Quality-adjusted life expectancy. Risk prediction and healthcare informatics is a vital point for taking real-time clinical decisions to improve staff and patient satisfaction rates (Westrick, 2016).

Question 8:In case an unconscious patient is found by nursing professionals, then they must play a critical role in preventing the patient from potential respiratory complications such as distress, pneumonia, aspiration, and pressure ulcer. This can be achieved by:

1. Calling for help and informing doctor
2. Maintaining patient airway: By elevating the patient head at the degree that prevents aspiration, positioning the patient in lateral or semi-prone position, auscultate in every eight hours, and suctioning.
3. Protecting the client: This involves restraining, providing padded side rails, take care to avoid injury, and speak positively to enhance the self-esteem and confidence of the patient.
4. Maintaining fluid balance and managing nutritional needs: Starting IV saline, liquid diet, special beds to prevent pressure on bones, and regularly changing position (Dehghani, Mosalanejad & Dehghan-Nayeri, 2015).
5. Preventing urinary retention: Palpating for a full bladder, inserting an indwelling catheter, inducing stimulating to urinate, and giving a condom catheter for male and absorbent pads for females in case of incontinence.
6. Maintaining skin integrity: regularly changing position, back massage, passive exercises, and use of splints or foam boots t prevent foot drop.
7. Providing secondary simulation: Touch and talk, proper communication, maintain the schedule on the same day, and orienting the client to the day, date, and time accordingly (Clark, 2017).
8. Family needs: Family support, care to be provided, and educating the needs of the client.
9. Maintaining regular doses of treatment and follow consultant instruction

Question 9:In the case, where the nursing professional founds someone taking photos without any permission will includethe breach of privacy and confidentiality of patient and their information. This is the topmost priority of healthcare providers to maintain confidentiality and privacy. The immediate reporting will be done to the nursing head so that they can take proper actions. The person will be informed that the clicking of pictures in the hospital is not allowed. According to law, the "Code of Ethics" specifies laws and punishments based on offenses and breaches. Based on this,the person can only access to patient and their details, if they have got permission from the patient or guardian. Administration staff will handle sensitive forms and order intelligence. They ensure that intentionally or unintentionally the patient’s information is not passed. The legal disciplinary action in case of breach of patient details and data can result in a fine as well as a prison. This is the profession in which the person himself or herself has to ensure that the ethics are followed by them as well as by others (Chin, Guo & Hung, et al., 2019).

Question 10:Being appointed as a fresh graduate in the nursing profession, if I was told that after administering S8 medication to patients, there is no need of going to the patient. I will first talk to my mentor and confirm the scenario. It is because the patient that has been given to me is my accountability and responsibility. If any of the mistakes or negligence in care will happen, then I would be responsible for that. After taking suggestions from my mentor I will work in that way. However, there are vital signs that must be taken at proper intervals of the admitted patient. I will have a track on them and inform my seniors regarding this. Though nursing professionals give the right advice based on their experiences, one should not blindly rely on them. The code of ethics and principles should be followed in inpatient care. Hence, it is the responsibility of the nurse that is allocated to the patient to take proper care of them in an institution.

References for Deontological Aspects of The Nursing Profession

Chachula, K. M., Myrick, F., & Yonge, O. (2015). Letting go: How newly graduated registered nurses in Western Canada decide to exit the nursing profession. Nurse Education Today, 35(7), 912-918.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.02.024

Chin, W., Guo, Y. L. L., Hung, Y. J., Hsieh, Y. T., Wang, L. J., & Shiao, J. S. C. (2019).Workplace justice and intention to leave the nursing profession. Nursing Ethics, 26(1), 307-319.https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0969733016687160

Clark, C. M. (2017).An evidence-based approach to integrate civility, professionalism, and ethical practice into nursing curricula. Nurse Educator, 42(3), 120-126. DOI: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000000331

Dehghani, A., Mosalanejad, L., & Dehghan-Nayeri, N. (2015). Factors affecting professional ethics in nursing practice in Iran: A qualitative study. BMC Medical Ethics, 16(1), 61.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12910-015-0048-2

Epstein, B., & Turner, M. (2015). The nursing code of ethics: Its value, its history. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 20(2), 1-10. https://portal.savonia.fi/amk/sites/default/files/pdf/eng/savoniauas_nursing_article_for_preliminarytask_2020.pdf

Kangasniemi, M., Pakkanen, P., & Korhonen, A. (2015). Professional ethics in nursing: An integrative review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(8), 1744-1757.https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12619

Pesut, B., Greig, M., Thorne, S., Storch, J., Burgess, M., Tishelman, C., ...& Janke, R. (2020). Nursing and euthanasia: A narrative review of the nursing ethics literature. Nursing Ethics, 27(1), 152-167.https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0969733019845127

Rodney, P., & Varcoe, C. (2016).Towards ethical inquiry in the economic evaluation of nursing practice. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive, 33(1).https://cjnr.archive.mcgill.ca/article/view/1619

Silva, T. N. D., Freire, M. E. M., Vasconcelos, M. F. D., Silva Junior, S. V. D., Silva, W. J. D. C., Araújo, P. D. S., & Eloy, A. V. A. (2018). Deontological aspects of the nursing profession: understanding the code of ethics. Revistabrasileira De Enfermagem, 71(1), 3-10.https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0565

Westrick, S. J. (2016). Nursing students’ use of electronic and social media: Law, ethics, and e-professionalism. Nursing Education Perspectives, 37(1), 16-22. 0.5480/14-1358

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